ABSTRACT
Objetivos: Analizar la influencia que tiene la aplicación de estrategias de comunicación participativa en el uso adecuado de servicios de saneamiento básico y su incidencia en la salud pública de los pobladores de comunidades de Paucartambo. Explorar las dimensiones políticas y culturales inmersas en los procesos de comunicación entre poblaciones y promotores de salud de las comunidades de estudio Analizar los procesos de intervención en el campo de la comunicación en salud. Métodos: El tipo de investigación es cualitativo y observacional, con un diseño de tipo transversal en base a entrevistas no estructuradas y entrevistas en profundidad, Se utilizó los datos de los Censos Nacionales de Población y Vivienda 2017, 2007- Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI) - PERÚ. Resultados: Las entrevistas a profundidad, así como la observación directa, dan como resultado que si bien se han realizado esfuerzos por mejorar la situación del saneamiento básico a través de la instalación de red pública de desagüe, y otras formas como las letrinas y pozos sépticos, además de ser insuficientes, no fueron utilizados adecuadamente, porque no se aplicaron estrategias de comunicación participativa desde la etapa de diagnóstico, hasta la evaluación final, más aun por la falta permanente de actividades de monitoreo y vigilancia, que tienen un rol muy decisivo en la calidad de vida y por tanto en la salud pública Conclusión: Las estrategias de comunicación más utilizadas por las instituciones que tienen el rol de promover el uso adecuado de los servicios de saneamiento básico como las redes públicas de desagüe han sido de carácter vertical como las charlas, la radio, el uso de láminas, precisamente por esta razón no se generaron conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas adecuadas para el uso y la conservación de los mismos, situación que tuvo impactos negativos sobre la salud pública y también ambiental.
Objectives: To analyze the influence that the application of participatory communication strategies has on the adequate use of basic sanitation services and its impact on the public health of the residents of communities in Paucartambo. Explore the political and cultural dimensions immersed in the communication processes between populations and health promoters of the study communities. Analyze the intervention processes in the field of health communication. Methods: The type of research is qualitative and observational, with a cross-sectional design based on unstructured interviews and in-depth interviews. Data from the National Population and Housing Censuses 2017, 2007 - National Institute of Statistics and Informatics were used. (INEI) - PERU. Results: In-depth interviews, as well as direct observation, result in the fact that although efforts have been made to improve the situation of basic sanitation through the installation of a public sewage network, and other forms such as latrines and septic tanks In addition to being insufficient, they were not used properly, because participatory communication strategies were not applied from the diagnostic stage to the final evaluation, even more so due to the permanent lack of monitoring and surveillance activities, which have a very decisive role in the quality of life and therefore in public health Conclusion: The communication strategies most used by institutions that have the role of promoting the adequate use of basic sanitation services such as public sewage networks have been of a vertical nature such as those talks, radio, the use of pictures, precisely for this reason, adequate knowledge, attitudes and practices were not generated s for their use and conservation, a situation that had negative impacts on public and environmental health.
ABSTRACT
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of death globally in both developed and developing countries. Coronary artery disease which was once thought to be a disease of the urban population is now involving the rural community in an increased number. So a study of major coronary risk factors in rural communities will help to adopt various strategies particularly behavior change and communication relevant for these communities to prevent these risk factors and lower CAD related mortality and morbidity. Objective was to estimate rates of the various risk factors for CAD and identify the high-risk groups in the rural community.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried out in a rural area in the Howrah district of West Bengal. Four hundred and eighteen (418) persons (212 males and 206 females) were subjected to study using structured, pretested and predesigned schedule. Coronary artery disease risk factors were assessed. Statistical analysis was done with the help of statistical software, the SPSS 20.0 for windows.Results: The study observed that prevalence of tobacco use among the study population was the most significant risk factor (42.3%). The prevalence of other coronary risk factors ranged from 10-20%. Tobacco use, alcohol consumption and sedentary life style were significantly more amongst males. Whereas truncal obesity and systolic hypertension more among females.Conclusions: Various comprehensive strategies particularly behavior change and communication targeting these high risk population need to be emphasized to lower CAD related morbidity burden in the community.
ABSTRACT
No contexto dos megaeventos no Brasil, foi lançada uma campanha pelo Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância (UNICEF) - "Está em suas mãos proteger nossas crianças" -, com o objetivo de prevenir e denunciar casos de exploração e violência contra crianças e adolescentes. As estratégias de comunicação utilizadas nos dão pistas de como os efeitos de poder circularam nesse processo, sendo importante uma análise mais minuciosa de algumas considerações genealógicas ancoradas em algumas ferramentas de Michel Foucault. Interrogamos que as estratégias usadas articularam o marketing às práticas de judicialização da vida, caindo em um denuncismo que opera a defesa e punição e pouco a rede de garantia de direitos dessas crianças e desses adolescentes. Ao dar uma resposta mais imediata, esses serviços tornam-se uma política de emergência e uma ferramenta de luta midiatizada, baseada na denúncia, na lógica penal e no negócio do social. (AU)
In the context of mega-events in Brazil, a campaign was launched by the United Nations Fund for Children (UNICEF): It's in your hands to protect our children, aiming to prevent and report instances of exploitation and violence against children and adolescents. Communication strategies used give us clues as to how the effects of power circulated in this process, an important closer examination of some genealogical considerations anchored with some tools of Michel Foucault. Questioned that the strategies articulated the marketing practices of judicialization of life; falling into a denunciation which operates the defense and punishment and little by network ensuring the rights these children and adolescents. To give a more immediate response, these services become a political emergency and tool mediated struggle, based on the complaint, the criminal and the logic of social business. (AU)
En el contexto de los megaeventos en Brasil, se lanzó una campaña por el Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia (UNICEF): Está en tus manos para proteger a nuestros niños, con el objetivo de prevenir y denunciar los casos de explotación y la violencia contra los niños, niñas y adolescentes. Las estrategias de comunicación utilizadas nos dan pistas sobre cómo los efectos del poder circular en este proceso, un importante examen más detallado de algunas consideraciones genealógicas anclados con algunas herramientas de Michel Foucault. Cuestionaron que las estrategias articulan las prácticas de comercialización de la judicialización de la vida, cayendo en una denuncia que opera la defensa y castigo y poco a la red para garantizar los derechos de estos niños y adolescentes. Para dar una respuesta más inmediata, estos servicios se convierten en una emergencia política y herramienta mediada lucha, basado en la denuncia, la penal y la lógica de negocio social. (AU)
Subject(s)
Politics , United Nations , Power, Psychological , Child Advocacy , Social Marketing , AddressABSTRACT
This experimental study examined differences in doctor-patient relationships according to the health communication strategies during cases of medical malpractices occurred at primary medical institution. A total of 116 subjects aged in their 20s-50s was sampled. The first medical malpractice scenario chosen was the medical malpractice case most frequently registered at the Korean Medical Association Mutual Aid and the second scenario was associated with materials and devices as the cause of malpractice. Four types of crisis communication strategy messages were utilized, consisting of denial, denial + ingratiation, apology, and apology + ingratiation. Subjects were classified into four research groups by crisis communication strategy to measure levels of trust, control mutuality, commitment, and satisfaction, before and after the occurrence of medical malpractice and application of communication strategies. The findings of this study revealed that the apology strategy, compared with the denial strategy, showed a smaller difference before and after the application of communication strategies in all variables of trust (F = 8.080, F = 5.768), control mutuality (F = 8.824, F = 9.081), commitment (F = 9.815, F = 8.301), and satisfaction (F = 8.723, F = 5.638). Further, a significant interaction effect was shown between variables. The apology strategy, compared with the denial strategy, was effective in the improvement of doctor-patient relationships in both Scenarios I and II. For Scenario I, the apology strategy without ingratiation boosted commitment and satisfaction, but for Scenario II, utilizing the apology strategy with ingratiation boosted the effectiveness of trust and commitment.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Health Communication , Malpractice , Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Patient Satisfaction , Physician-Patient Relations , Program Evaluation , Surveys and Questionnaires , TrustABSTRACT
RESUMO Este estudo analisou a interação de uma díade mãe-criança com deficiência visual, verificando-se as estratégias de comunicação utilizadas pela mãe, em duas situações contextuais, isto é, brincadeira livre e brincadeira estruturada, durante três etapas. Adotou-se a perspectiva sociointeracionista que afirma a relevância das interações sociais para o desenvolvimento sociocomunicativo infantil. Participou do estudo uma criança do sexo masculino, quatro anos de idade e com o diagnóstico da deficiência visual severa, e sua mãe. As observações foram filmadas, transcritas e analisadas por meio da descrição de episódios interativos. Verificou-se que as estratégias maternas utilizadas foram semelhantes ao longo das etapas, pelo uso do contato tátil e do direcionamento atencional. Os comportamentos infantis, em sua maioria, dificultaram o engajamento entre a díade. Destaca-se a importância dos programas de intervenção na promoção do desenvolvimento sociocomunicativo, através da indicação de estratégias maternas que poderão facilitar a participação infantil no processo interativo.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the interaction between a mother and a child with visual impairment, through the examination of the communication strategies used by the mother in two contextual situations, that is, free play and structured play, in three steps. The social interaction perspective was adopted, which advocates the importance of social interactions for children's social and communication development. The participants of the study were a four-year-old male child, diagnosed with severe visual impairment and his mother. At each step two observations were made, totalizing six films, in which a video camera was used. The observations were transcribed and analyzed by describing the interactive scenes. It has been found that the maternal strategies used were similar throughout the steps, using tactile contact and attentional targeting. The child's behaviors mostly hampered the engagement between the dyad. The results highlights the importance of intervention programs in order to promote social and communication development, by indicating maternal strategies that can facilitate children's participation in interactive process.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Apresentar as estratégias de comunicação e recrutamento no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil) e discutir os resultados alcançados na constituição da coorte. MÉTODOS: As estratégias foram voltadas à divulgação, à institucionalização e ao recrutamento propriamente dito. As ações de comunicação pretenderam promover o fortalecimento de imagem institucional positiva para o estudo, a gestão de conhecimentos e o diálogo eficaz com seu público-alvo. Foi criado web site oficial visando dialogar com diferentes públicos, funcionar como difusor científico e contribuir para a consolidação da imagem do estudo perante a sociedade. RESULTADOS: Foram recrutados 16.435 mulheres e homens, servidores ativos e aposentados de seis instituições públicas de ensino e pesquisa para constituir a coorte de 15.105 participantes. As metas de recrutamento foram plenamente alcançadas nos seis centros, com leve predomínio de mulheres e daqueles mais jovens, e um pouco menos de servidores com menor escolarização. CONCLUSÕES: As estratégias utilizadas se mostraram adequadas e essenciais para o sucesso da captação e participação dos servidores. .
OBJECTIVE: To present the recruitment and communication strategies of the ELSA-Brasil (Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto - Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health). METHODS: The strategies were directed at dissemination, institutionalization and recruitment. The communication actions intended to promote the strengthening of a positive institutional image for the study, knowledge management and an effective dialogue with its target audience. An official website was created in order to communicate with different audiences, to disseminate scientific knowledge, and to contribute to consolidate the image of the study within society. RESULTS: We recruited 16,435 men and women, active employees and retirees of six public institutions of education and research, to constitute the cohort of 15,105 participants. The recruitment goals were fully achieved in the six centers, with a slight predominance of women and of younger adults, and slightly fewer employees with lower level of schooling. CONCLUSIONS: The strategies used were adequate and essential to the successful inclusion and participation of the employees. .
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Communication , Patient Selection , Research Subjects , Brazil/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Este artículo se deriva de una investigación basada en una experiencia de tándem lingüístico por correo electrónico, comunicación asincrónica establecida entre locutores de lengua materna diferente que se comunican para establecer una relación interpersonal y realizar un trabajo sobre la lengua de aprendizaje. El objetivo es indagar acerca de la función de la reformulación en este tipo de comunicación. Se utiliza la metodología del análisis conversacional para estudiar los comportamientos comunicativos e interacciónales de los participantes, el nativo (N) para ayudar al no-nativo (NN) a comprender sus mensajes y a mejorar su competencia comunicativa. Los resultados muestran que a través de la reformulación N asume un rol de colaborador.
This article draws on a study about linguistic pairs (tandem) by e-mail which was based on the asynchronous communication between speakers of different mother tongues in an attempt to facilitate their communication and joint construction of their own learning of a foreign language. This article is aimed at interrogating the function of clarifications in this type of communication. Conversation analysis is used to examine the participants communicative and interactive behaviors focusing on how the native speaker (N) helps the non-native speaker (NN) comprehend information and improve his/her communicative competence. Results demonstrate that native speakers shape their role as language pals through clarifications helping non-native speakers.